diff --git a/home/i3/default.nix b/home/i3/default.nix
index 12ac4c0..053b26f 100644
--- a/home/i3/default.nix
+++ b/home/i3/default.nix
@@ -159,62 +159,69 @@ in
               names = [ "SpaceMono Nerd Font" ];
               size = 10.0;
             };
-            keybindings = lib.mkOptionDefault {
-              "${modifier}+h" = "focus left";
-              "${modifier}+j" = "focus down";
-              "${modifier}+k" = "focus up";
-              "${modifier}+l" = "focus right";
-              "${modifier}+Shift+h" = "move left";
-              "${modifier}+Shift+j" = "move down";
-              "${modifier}+Shift+k" = "move up";
-              "${modifier}+Shift+l" = "move right";
-              "${modifier}+v" = "split h";
-              "${modifier}+Shift+v" = "split v";
-              "${modifier}+s" = "layout stacking";
-              "${modifier}+t" = "layout tabbed";
-              "${modifier}+e" = "layout toggle split";
-              "${modifier}+p" = "floating toggle";
-              "${modifier}+Shift+p" = "focus mode_toggle";
-              "${modifier}+Shift+c" = "reload";
-              "${modifier}+Shift+r" = "restart";
-              # mode
-              "${modifier}+r" = ''mode "${resizeMode}"'';
-              "${modifier}+Escape" = ''mode "${powerManagementMode}"'';
-              "${modifier}+Shift+Escape" = ''mode "${miscellaneousMode}"'';
-              # workspace
-              # "${modifier}+Shift+minus" = "move scratchpad";
-              # "${modifier}+minus" = "scratchpad show";
-              # media
-              "XF86AudioRaiseVolume" =
-                "exec --no-startup-id ${pactl} set-sink-volume @DEFAULT_SINK@ +1% && ${refresh_i3status}";
-              "XF86AudioLowerVolume" =
-                "exec --no-startup-id ${pactl} set-sink-volume @DEFAULT_SINK@ -1% && ${refresh_i3status}";
-              "XF86AudioMute" =
-                "exec --no-startup-id ${pactl} set-sink-mute @DEFAULT_SINK@ toggle && ${refresh_i3status}";
-              "XF86AudioMicMute" =
-                "exec --no-startup-id ${pactl} set-source-mute @DEFAULT_SOURCE@ toggle && ${refresh_i3status}";
-              "XF86AudioPlay" = "exec --no-startup-id ${playerctl} play-pause";
-              "XF86AudioPause" = "exec --no-startup-id ${playerctl} play-pause";
-              "XF86AudioNext" = "exec --no-startup-id ${playerctl} next";
-              "XF86AudioPrev" = "exec --no-startup-id ${playerctl} previous";
-              # brightness
-              "XF86MonBrightnessUp" = "exec --no-startup-id ${light} s +10%";
-              "XF86MonBrightnessDown" = "exec --no-startup-id ${light} s 10%-";
-              # screenshot
-              "${modifier}+o" =
-                "exec --no-startup-id ${maim} -s ~/Pictures/screenshots/$(date +%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S).png";
-              "${modifier}+Shift+o" =
-                "exec --no-startup-id ${maim} -s | ${clipboard} -selection clipboard -t image/png";
-              # others
-              "${modifier}+space" = "exec --no-startup-id ${dmenu}";
-              "${modifier}+b" = "exec --no-startup-id ${terminal} -e ${yazi}";
-              "${modifier}+z" = "exec --no-startup-id ${boomer}"; # tsoding's zoom
-              # "${modifier}+Shift+Return" = "exec ${second_terminal}";
-              # reset
-              "${modifier}+Shift+e" = null;
-              "${modifier}+w" = null;
-              "${modifier}+d" = null;
-            };
+            keybindings = lib.mkOptionDefault (
+              {
+                "${modifier}+h" = "focus left";
+                "${modifier}+j" = "focus down";
+                "${modifier}+k" = "focus up";
+                "${modifier}+l" = "focus right";
+                "${modifier}+Shift+h" = "move left";
+                "${modifier}+Shift+j" = "move down";
+                "${modifier}+Shift+k" = "move up";
+                "${modifier}+Shift+l" = "move right";
+                "${modifier}+v" = "split h";
+                "${modifier}+Shift+v" = "split v";
+                "${modifier}+s" = "layout stacking";
+                "${modifier}+t" = "layout tabbed";
+                "${modifier}+e" = "layout toggle split";
+                "${modifier}+p" = "floating toggle";
+                "${modifier}+Shift+p" = "focus mode_toggle";
+                "${modifier}+Shift+c" = "reload";
+                "${modifier}+Shift+r" = "restart";
+                # mode
+                "${modifier}+r" = ''mode "${resizeMode}"'';
+                "${modifier}+Escape" = ''mode "${powerManagementMode}"'';
+                "${modifier}+Shift+Escape" = ''mode "${miscellaneousMode}"'';
+                # workspace
+                # "${modifier}+Shift+minus" = "move scratchpad";
+                # "${modifier}+minus" = "scratchpad show";
+                # media
+                "XF86AudioRaiseVolume" =
+                  "exec --no-startup-id ${pactl} set-sink-volume @DEFAULT_SINK@ +1% && ${refresh_i3status}";
+                "XF86AudioLowerVolume" =
+                  "exec --no-startup-id ${pactl} set-sink-volume @DEFAULT_SINK@ -1% && ${refresh_i3status}";
+                "XF86AudioMute" =
+                  "exec --no-startup-id ${pactl} set-sink-mute @DEFAULT_SINK@ toggle && ${refresh_i3status}";
+                "XF86AudioMicMute" =
+                  "exec --no-startup-id ${pactl} set-source-mute @DEFAULT_SOURCE@ toggle && ${refresh_i3status}";
+                "XF86AudioPlay" = "exec --no-startup-id ${playerctl} play-pause";
+                "XF86AudioPause" = "exec --no-startup-id ${playerctl} play-pause";
+                "XF86AudioNext" = "exec --no-startup-id ${playerctl} next";
+                "XF86AudioPrev" = "exec --no-startup-id ${playerctl} previous";
+                # brightness
+                "XF86MonBrightnessUp" = "exec --no-startup-id ${light} s +10%";
+                "XF86MonBrightnessDown" = "exec --no-startup-id ${light} s 10%-";
+                # screenshot
+                "${modifier}+o" =
+                  "exec --no-startup-id ${maim} -s ~/Pictures/screenshots/$(date +%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S).png";
+                "${modifier}+Shift+o" =
+                  "exec --no-startup-id ${maim} -s | ${clipboard} -selection clipboard -t image/png";
+                # others
+                "${modifier}+space" = "exec --no-startup-id ${dmenu}";
+                "${modifier}+b" = "exec --no-startup-id ${terminal} -e ${yazi}";
+                "${modifier}+z" = "exec --no-startup-id ${boomer}"; # tsoding's zoom
+                # "${modifier}+Shift+Return" = "exec ${second_terminal}";
+                # reset
+                "${modifier}+Shift+e" = null;
+                "${modifier}+w" = null;
+                "${modifier}+d" = null;
+              }
+              # neomutt (only if enabled) - focus existing or spawn new
+              // lib.optionalAttrs config.custom.email.neomutt {
+                "${modifier}+m" =
+                  ''exec --no-startup-id sh -c 'i3-msg "[instance=ghostty][title=neomutt] focus" || ${terminal} -e neomutt' '';
+              }
+            );
             modes =
               let
                 exitMode = {